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134 channels
Dutch television is defined by its public broadcasting system, a pillar of the country's media culture. The NPO (Nederlands Publieke Omroep) oversees several channels, NPO 1, 2, and 3, each with a distinct identity: NPO 1 leans toward mass-appeal news and talk shows, NPO 2 offers documentaries and current affairs, and NPO 3 targets younger viewers with series and reality. Commercial broadcasters like RTL and SBS have carved out large shares with entertainment, talent shows, and American imports. Unlike many European neighbors, the Netherlands almost always subtitles foreign content rather than dubbing, a reflection of high English proficiency and a preference for original audio. This extends to children’s programming, where subtitles are common even for cartoons. Primetime kicks off with the 8pm NOS Journaal, the flagship news bulletin known for its calm, authoritative tone, a sharp contrast to the more theatrical news on commercial channels. After the news, topical talk shows dominate, often featuring politicians, celebrities, and debate panels. Live sports are a major draw, particularly football (Eredivisie matches on ESPN and NOS) and cycling events like the Tour de France. A unique feature is the abundance of legislative channels: the entire parliamentary proceedings are broadcast live on NPO Politiek, appealing to the politically engaged. Music channels remain stable, catering to diverse tastes from pop to classical. The Dutch television landscape is well-funded, highly regulated, and remarkably pluralistic, with public broadcasters representing various societal groups (e.g., humanist, Protestant, socialist) under the NPO umbrella. This pillar system, rooted in the 20th-century tradition of verzuiling (pillarization), ensures a broad spectrum of voices in the schedule.